32 miles NE of Jacksonville; 71 miles NE of St. Augustine; 192 miles NE of Orlando; 372 miles N of Miami
Paradise is found on the northernmost barrier island of Florida. With 13 beautiful miles of beach and a quaint Victorian town, Amelia Island is a charming getaway about an hour and 15 minutes from St. Augustine by car. This skinny barrier island, 18 miles long by 3 miles wide, has more in common with the Lowcountry of Georgia (across Cumberland Sound from here) and South Carolina. In fact, it’s more like St. Simons Island in Georgia or Hilton Head Island in South Carolina than other beach resorts in Florida.
Amelia has five distinct personalities. First is its southern end, an exclusive real estate development built in a forest of twisted, moss-laden live oaks. Here you’ll find a country-club lifestyle of tennis and golfing at two of Florida’s most luxurious resorts. Second is modest American Beach, founded in the 1930s so that African Americans would have access to the ocean in this then-segregated part of the country. Today it’s a modest, predominantly black community tucked away among all that south-end wealth. Third is the island’s middle, a traditional beach community with a mix of affordable motels, cottages, condominiums, and a seaside inn. Fourth is the historic bayside town of Fernandina Beach, which boasts a 50-square-block area of gorgeous Victorian, Queen Anne, and Italianate homes listed on the National Register of Historic Places. And fifth is the unfettered Fort Clinch State Park, which keeps developers from turning the island’s northern end into more resorts.
The town of Fernandina Beach dates from the post–Civil War period, when Union soldiers who had occupied Fort Clinch began returning to the island. In the late 19th century, Amelia’s timber, phosphate, and naval-stores industries boomed. Back then, the town was an active seaport, with 14 foreign consuls in residence. You’ll see (and occasionally smell) the paper mills that still stand near the small seaport here. The island experienced another economic explosion in the 1970s and 1980s, when real estate developers built condominiums, cottages, and two big resorts on the island’s southern end. In recent years, Fernandina Beach saw its own boom in bed-and-breakfast establishments.
